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Cov Haujlwm thiab Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Ferulic Acid
Ferulic acid yog ib qho phenolic acid uas muaj nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag. Nws tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv dawb hauv nroj tsuag. Nws tsuas yog txuam nrog oligosaccharides, polyamines, lipids thiab polysaccharides. Nws muaj ntau yam kev noj qab haus huv, xws li qog dawb radicals, anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammatory anti-inflammatory, qog tu, kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob siab, mob plawv thiab txhim khu phev motility. Ferulic acid toxicity yog tsawg, yooj yim rau tib neeg cov metabolism, nws siv ntau thiab ntau dua. Ferulic acid nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov kev lag luam yog tsuas yog siv rau kev npaj ntawm ntuj vanillin, antioxidants, preservatives, crosslinking cov neeg ua hauj lawm thiab kev ua tau zoo dua, ferulic acid yuav tau los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis thiab extraction.
Cov tshuaj lom neeg lub npe ntawm ferulic acid yog 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, uas yog hom phenolic acid feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Nws yog tsuas yog tsim ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm phab ntsa polysaccharides thiab lignin, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Chuanxiong, ferulic thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj suav. Nws muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb, thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg, txiv neej LD50 yog 2445mg / kg, pojniam nas LD50 yog 2113mg / kg.
Tam sim no ferulic acid nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, khoom noj khoom haus, tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab lwm yam kev lag luam ntau thiab ntau dua siv, qhov tsab xov xwm no tsom rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ferulic acid thiab nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub lag luam khoom noj khoom haus. 1 Function ntawm ferulic acid 1.1 antioxidant lub neej ntawm lub cev yuav ib txwm txom nyem los ntawm endogenous los yog exogenous reactive oxygen hom ntawm invasion, li inducing kab mob ntawm cov kab mob, xws li atherosclerosis, mob cancer, cataracts, muaj hnub nyoog txog macular. Yog li, kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob no. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias ferulic acid muaj cov roj ntsha muaj kab mob zoo, ua kom tsis muaj zog, ua rau tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj zog radicals, hydroxyl radicals, peroxynitrite muaj ib qho kev ua kom muaj zog [3]. Ferulic acid tsis tau tsuas yog tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, tab sis kuj tswj lub physiological ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lub cev, inhibit lub qhuav ntawm dawb radical enzymes, thiab txhawb dawb radical scavenging enzyme qhuav. Kayahara, thiab lwm yam, Kawabata thiab lwm yam kev qhia, ferulic acid tuaj yeem ua rau lub glutathione S-transferase thiab quinone reductase kev ua si, inhibition of tyrosinase kev ua si, thiab membrane phosphatidylethanolamine nrog kom tiv thaiv cov membrane dawb radicals Ntawm qhov ntxeem tau. 1.2 antithrombotic sodium ferulate tuaj yeem tiv thaiv platelet aggregation, inhibition of serotonin, thromboxane (TXA2)-zoo li cov tshuaj tso tawm, kev xaiv inhibition TXA2 synthetase kev ua si, tus prostacyclin (PGI2) / TXA2 piv ntau, uas muaj cov nyhuv tshuaj anti-thrombosis. Ferulic acid inhibits thromboxane tso tawm los ntawm kev xyuam xim nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw thromboxane, antagonizing thromboxane thiab inhibiting phospholipase A2 (PLA2) los tiv thaiv arachidonic acid ntawm dissociating los ntawm cov mechanisms nram qab no: Txhawm thaiv cov cim ntawm TXA2 thiab cov zoo li. Qhov inhibition of platelet aggregation ntawm ferulic acid kuj yog txuam nrog nws txoj kev muaj peev xwm nce c-AMP ntau ntau thiab inhibit phosphodiesterase kev ua si. 1.3 Cov tshuaj lom neeg hypolipidemic ntawm ferulic acid muaj peev xwm ua rau qhov siab ntawm oxalate acid-5-pyrophosphate dehydrogenase kev ua si, inhibit daim siab synthesis ntawm cov cholesterol, thiaj li mus cuag lub hom phiaj ntawm txo cov ntshav lipids. 1.4 kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm kab mob plawv liab Ferulic acid tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob hu ua myocardial ischemia thiab kev siv oxygen, tau siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob plawv hauv lub plawv, angina pectoris. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob plawv hauv lub plawv, qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua rau atherosclerosis. Qhov ua rau atherosclerosis yog oxidation oxidation los ntawm cov dawb radicals. Lipid oxidation khoom ntawm malondialdehyde thiab qis lipoprotein ntau lawm ntawm cytotoxic los ntawm malondialdehyde - low-density lipoprotein, feem ntau los ntawm txoj hauv kev nram qab no los ua rau atherosclerosis [5]: ① malondialdehyde - low-density lipids Protein yog mononuclear phagocytosis, intracellular cov kab mob roj metabolism hauv cholesterol, ua rau cov txuam nrog cov roj cholesterol, tsim muaj cov kab ua npuas dej. ② malondialdehyde - tsawg density lipoprotein mus rau endothelial cytoplasm ntawm deguation degeneration, serosa shrinkage, ua rau ntawm tes puas thiab tuag. Vascular endothelial cell puas tsuaj, ua rau cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, platelet adhesion nyob rau hauv qhov kev raug mob, aggregation thiab kev tso tawm ntawm cov cytoplasm ntawm cov khoom ubno, thrombosis, intimal thickening, lipid infiltration, txhawb kev porridge. ③ Inhibition ntawm prostacyclin ntau lawm, ua rau TXA2 nce. TXA2 los ntawm qhov kev txwv ntawm adenylate cyclase, platelet thiab vascular phab ntsa du nqaij adapter cathed adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), los yog ua ib Ca2 + tus kab mob ncaj qha txhawb Ca2 + influx thiab nruj tube kaw lus Ca2 + tso tawm, yog li kev txhawb platelet aggregation thiab lub zos Vasoconstriction endothelial cell puas. Prostaglandin tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha, limiting platelet aggregation thiab tiv thaiv kev puas hlwb endothelial. Ferulic acid los ntawm inhibiting lipid oxidation, txo cov roj ntsha roj ntau ntau thiab kev cuam tshuam txog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm atherosclerosis, ua rau kev kho mob kab mob plawv [5]. 1.5 anti-bacterial anti-inflammatory
2 ferulic acid rau ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas, kab mob ntsws (RSV) thiab kab mob AIDS muaj kab mob loj heev. Hirabayashi thiab lwm yam tshuaj macrophage RAW264.7 raug tus kab mob khaub thuas thiab pom tias kev siv cov tshuaj ferulic acid thiab ferulic acid, kev cuam tshuam ntawm interferon-8 tsis tshua tau 43% thiab 56%, nyob rau hauv vivo thwmsim kuj pom tib yam ntxiv [6] . Tib txoj kab ntawm tes tau siv los soj ntsuam cov nyom ntawm ferulic acid rau ntawm RSV-ntxias inflammatory protein-2 ntau lawm. Ferulic acid tau pom tias yuav txo qhov qoob no. Cov kab mob ua kom tsis haum ntawm ferulic acid thiab nws cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob AIDS ua rau nws ua rau tus neeg muaj kab mob chemotherapeutic [7]. Lub mechanism ntawm inhibition ntawm ferulic acid ntawm tus kab mob kuj yuav muaj feem rau nws inhibition ntawm xanthine oxidase kev ua si, vim hais tias cov enzyme thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm inflammatory kab mob yog nyob ze. Tus kab mob hu ua Ferulic acid nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob cov kab mob tau pom tias muaj ntau dua li tus kab mob hu ua Fertilic acid, tus kab mob hu ua Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ua rau Pathogenic cov kab mob, thiab 11 hom kab mob microbes zaub mov tawg [4]. Ferulic acid nyob rau ntawm cov kab mob N-acetyltransferase muaj qhov muaj zog tsis muaj zog, uas yog lub hauv paus rau nws txoj kev tua kab mob. 1.6 Anti-mutagenic thiab anti-cancer teebmeem Kawabata li al. Ua rau kom muaj kabmob kheesxaws loj hauv F334 nas siv azomethine (AOM), thiab pom hais tias qhov ntau qhov txawv txav ntawm 500 mg / kg ferulic acid decreased los ntawm 27% [8]. Tsis ntev los no, cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob ferulic acid thiab nws cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob khees xaws, kev mob plawv thiab tus nplaig cancer. Kawabata thiab kom cov tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ferulic acid thiab nws cov kev ua kom muaj kev tsis zoo hauv lub cev xws li glutathione S-transferase, quinone reductase activity [8]. Ntxiv rau cov dej num tau sau saum toj no, cov tshuaj lom kabmob kuj tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, txhim khu phev, kev kho mob ntawm txiv neej ntxiv thiab tshem tawm cov nitrite thiab lwm yam teebmeem [4]. 2 Khoom noj khoom haus ferulic acid thiab nws cov metabolites hauv ferulic acid hauv peb lub xeev: dej-soluble, lipid-soluble thiab bound bound state. Ferulic acid, uas yog yaj nyob rau hauv cytoplasm ntawm cov nroj tsuag, yog txuam nrog ib co me me molecules (monosaccharides, disaccharides, polyamines, etc.) nyob rau hauv lub xeev no. Liposoluble lub xeev hais txog ferulic acid thiab qee cov roj-soluble (sterols, etc.), xws li oryzanol, feem ntau nrog rau cov nroj tsuag saum npoo txheej quav. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua ferulic acid nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm esters lossis ethers nrog cog cell ntsa cov khoom (polysaccharide, protein thiab lignin). Dej soluble thiab rog soluble ferulic acid complexes yog yooj yim absorbed los ntawm txoj hnyuv ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab cov nas tsuag los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau lub raum, nplooj siab, ntsws, paj thiab lub cev, tsis ntev yuav metabolized los ntawm cov zis, yuav tsis zais hauv lub cev, Tab sis tsawg heev tso tawm los ntawm cov quav [9]. Qhov tseeb, dawb ferulic acid yog absorbed los ntawm lub cev, tsis nyob hauv lub xeev dawb, tab sis rau glycosides, glucosinolates thiab methyl ester xeev, thiab thaum kawg tau metabolized rau phenylpropionic acid, cinnamoyl glycine thiab lwm cov compounds [10]. Feem ntau ntawm cov pob txha nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag uas nyob hauv ib lub xeev, cov tib neeg thiab cov tsiaj tsis tuaj yeem ncaj nqes xws li ferulic acid, tiam sis yuav tsum vam khom cov tshuaj microbial esterase hauv cov nyuv ntawm ferulic acid [11]. 3 Npaj ferulic acid ferulic acid tuaj yeem tau los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis thiab extraction los ntawm cov khoom siv cog. 3.1 tshuaj synthesis ntawm ferulic acid thiab ntau hom tshuaj synthesis ntawm vanillin thiab malonic acid li raw cov ntaub ntawv rau anhydrous pyridine li hnyav, piperidine li catalyst, tau los ntawm kev sib tsoo tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev xav no yog los ntawm qhov teeb meem loj vim tias cov kua qaub kis tau yog ib qhov sib xyaw ntawm cis- thiab trans-ferulic acid thiab muaj lub sij hawm ntev ntev (txog 3 lub lis piam), ntau npaum li cas hnyav thiab qes qis [12] . 3.2 Extraction los ntawm cov nroj tsuag Ferulic acid tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm peb txoj kev: ib qho ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov kua qoob loo uas tau los ntawm kev sib xyaw, qhov thib ob yog tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm phab ntsa, qhov thib peb yog muab los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Rice bran cawv extract muaj ntau hom sterols thiab terpenoids ferulic acid esters, uas cov khoom siv feem ntau yog γ-oryzanol, mov nplej roj nyiaj rau 1.5% mus rau 2.8%. Tam sim no, txoj kev industrialization rau cov khoom purity trans-ferulic acid yog hydrolyze oryzanol nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm 90-100 ℃ nrog sodium hydroxide los yog potassium hydroxide rau 8 h, ces acidify pH nqi nrog sulfuric acid kom precipitate ferulic acid. Cog xov tooj ntawm phab ntsa yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ferulic acid. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov tshuaj estulases uas ua rau ferulic acid tsim los ntawm cov hauv paus thiab microbes tuaj yeem tso dim ferulic acid khov rau cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Feem ntau ntseeg hais tias kev siv 4% sodium hydroxide hauv cov dej nitrogen hauv chav tsev kub 24 teev tom qab tso tawm tag nrho cov ferulic acid hauv phab ntsa ntawm tes. Txij li thaum lub txheej txheem alkaline hydrolysis tau ntev ntev, tus qauv no tsuas siv rau kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov pob txha muaj tshuaj lom nyob hauv cov khoom siv phab ntsa. Tsis ntev los no, peb tau pom tias 0.5% sodium hydroxide tuaj yeem dawb dawb feem ntau ntawm cov kua qaub rau cov hmoov nplej ntawm cov hmoov nplej ferulic nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm luv luv los ntawm kev kub ntxhov thiab ntxiv rau tus neeg saib xyuas kev tsim nyog [13] Daim ntawv thov tau. Ferulic acid esterase (EC3.1.1.1) hais txog ferulic acid methyl ester, oligosaccharide ferulic acid thiab polysaccharide ferulic acid ferulic acid nyob hauv ib qho free enzyme [14]. Cov kab mob hu ua fungi, cov kab mob thiab cov poov xab muaj peev xwm zais tau ferulic acid esterase. Raws li cov kab mob me me hauv kev tso quav ntawm ferulic acid esterase kuj tau muab qee cov kev ntxub ntxaug ferulic acid enzyme system, qhov siv tam sim no cov kab mob ntawm cov phab ntsa khoom xws li bagasse, hom qoob mog thiab lwm yam kev ua ntawm ferulic acid tau tsis tau nkag theem ntawm industrial ntau lawm, tab sis nyob rau hauv Afghanistan Wei acid esterase kev tshawb fawb tau nqa tawm ib co fruitful ua hauj lwm. Ua ntej, peb tau soj ntsuam kuaj seb muaj pes tsawg tus kab mob uas muaj peev xwm ua tau tawm zom ua mob rau ferulic acid esterase. Secondly, cov yam ntxwv ntawm enzyme enzme tau kawm nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav, xws li cov qauv enzyme, zoo kub, zoo pH thiab stability enzyme. Lwm yam; Thirdly, qhov teebmeem synergistic ntawm ferulic acid esterase thiab ib txhia polysaccharide degrading enzymes tau tham txog; Qhov thib plaub, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm thiab kev sib cais ntawm txoj kev sib tham tau tham txog. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, yog hais tias peb yuav optimize txoj kev ntawm microbial ntau lawm ntawm enzymes ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntxiv, yuav txhawb lub enzymatic npaj ntawm ferulic acid industrial ntau lawm. Kev cog cov ntaub so ntswg kab lis kev cai kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau txais ferulic acid. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov nqaij ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem tsim dua cov khoom ntawm ferulic acid derivatives. Xws li qab zib beet, cov pob kws txuas ntawm cov pob kws tshuaj yuav muab tau cov dej-soluble ferulic acid glucose ester, ferulic acid
3 phaj cawv estrus [15], cov ntsiab lus siab txog 20.0μmol / g callus (qhuav phaus). Ferulic acid uas ua los ntawm cov nqaij ntawm Ajuga chinensis yog siab, ncav 150mg / L kab lis kev cai nruab nrab, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv tau dawb ferulic acid [16]. Pom cov ntaub so ntswg kab lis kev cai tseem yog qhov tsim ntawm natural trans-ferulic acid yog ib txoj kev tseem ceeb. 4 ferulic acid ferulic acid ntxiv rau cov tshuaj siv dav, qee lub teb chaws tau pom zoo ua zaub mov. Nyiv tau tso cai rau cov zaub mov antioxidants, Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab qee lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe muaj cai siv ntau hom tshuaj lom Ferrul uas muaj tshuaj ntsuab, kas fes, Xianglan Lan ua antioxidants. Tam sim no, ferulic acid nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov kev lag luam yog rau cov hom phiaj nram qab no. 4.1 Production ntawm vanillin Vanillin raws li ib qho ntawm cov nqi muag tau ntau dua li cov synthesis ntawm vanillin, kev siv cov biotransformation txawv teb chaws rau ferulic acid li raw cov ntaub ntawv los ua vanillin hauv particular. Ua ntej tshaj tawm hauv peb txoj hauv kev [17]: Ua ntej, kev siv cov tshuaj microbial decarboxylase uas ua los ntawm decarboxylation ntawm ferulic acid los ua vanillin, ferulic acid txo kom muaj cov dihydro ferulic acid, thiab ces tus synthesis ntawm vanillin; Qhov peb yog ferulic acid rau coniferine thiab ces hloov mus ua vanillin. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias qee cov kab mob, cov hu ua fungi thiab poov xab tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev muaj zog enzyme kom ferulic acid ua vanillin. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj kab mob rau cov kab mob ua rau muaj ntau hom kab mob, siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob vanillin yuav ua rau vanillin mus rau cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis muaj vanillic acid [17], yog li siv cov roj ntsha loj tshaj plaws. 4.2 txhawm rau tshuaj antiseptic Thaum ferulic acid nrog antioxidant thiab antibacterial ua si, nws tuaj yeem siv ua zaub mov noj. Nyiv nyob rau hauv 1975 uas faus ferulic acid citrus thiab raws li flaxseed roj, soybean roj thiab lard antioxidants. Qee cov amino acids thiab dipeptides tuaj yeem ua rau cov synergists. Piv nrog rau lwm cov phenolic tebchaw, ferulic acid muaj ob qhov zoo. Ua ntej, nws cov kev ua antioxidant. Heinonen li al. Muab piv tau tias cov tshuaj lom antioxidant gallic acid, propyl gallate, caffeic acid, mallow extract, delphinidin, catechin, epicatechin, rutin thiab quercetin nyob rau hauv lecithin-liposome system Kev pom tau tias ferulic acid rau hydroperoxide ua rau muaj zog tshaj inhibitory [18]. Lwm zoo dua ntawm ferulic acid yog nws cov pH stability thiab nws cov pH stability yog ho muaj zog dua chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid thiab gallic acid [19]. Cov cuab yeej no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov khoom noj uas muaj nyob rau hauv alkaline, xws li protein extraction thiab lub koom haum, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tev. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias qee yam ntawm cov kab mob kis ntawm ferulic acid pom muaj zog ua kom muaj zog dua antioxidant ntau dua li cov tshuaj lom kabmob [20], uas yog siv txoj kev tshiab rau cov tshuaj tua cov kab mob tshiab antioxidants. Ntxiv nrog rau cov kev qhia muaj zog antioxidant, cov tshuaj lom antifacterial ferulic acid kuj tseem muaj zog heev. Lattanzio li al. Kuaj cov antimicrobial ntawm 12 phenolic acids tiv thaiv tsib fungi (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Altenaria sp., Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium digitatum) thiab pom tias ferulic acid yog tus tshaj plaws [21]. Ferulic acid rau cov poov xab kuj muaj ib qho kev ua rau muaj zog, tab sis qhov kev ua si yog qis dua potassium sorbate. 4.3 raws li tus neeg saib xyuas kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom cog rau hauv cov phab ntsa cog, cov kab mob polysaccharide ferulic acid tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tau, tam sim no, tib neeg siv nws los txhim kho cov khoom ntawm polysaccharide viscosity thiab npaj cov kua zaub mov, qhia ntau dua txog pectin thiab E Glycan los npaj ib gel. Yog hais tias ferulic acid yog khi rau ntawm polysaccharide thiab cov protein, polysaccharide thiab protein yuav hla kev txuas los ntawm kev ntxiv ntawm ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide thiab laccase los yog peroxidase rau ib daim gel. Ntau lawm, kev siv ferulic acid tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev sib txuas ntawm qee tus mob polysaccharides, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov hnyav tsis muaj molecular polysaccharides. Vim tias ferulic acid thiab nws cov khoom oxidation tuaj yeem nrog cov kua qaub tyrosine, lysine thiab cysteine, kom cov protein crosslinking, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm cov khoom noj protein, ferulic acid yuav ua rau kom cov membrane Thiab txo cov kua membrane permeability rau dej vapor thiab oxygen [ 22]. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ferulic acid kuj tuaj yeem txo cov tshuaj dawb sulfhydryl hauv cov protein thiab tsis txhob cuam tshuam kev sib txuas ntawm thiol pawg hauv cov protein thiab nce lub cua sov thaum cov cua kub txheej txheem Stability [23]. Vim hais tias ntawm cov khoom no, rau lub ferulic acid nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thov zaub mov muab ib lub dav dav. 4.4 nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov kev ua kis las ncaws pob Cov neeg kis las thaum ua mob hnyav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev, ntau cov kev ua si yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov tshuaj antioxidants. Ferulic acid yog antioxidant tej zaum, thiab yuav ua rau lub tso pa tawm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones [24], ntau cov zaub mov txawv teb chaws ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ferulic acid lossis ferulic acid uas muaj tshuaj ntsuab. Saum toj no, qhov kev ua haujlwm, pharmacokinetics thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm ferulic acid luv luv qhia. Vim lub qaug tshuaj lom tsawg ntawm ferulic acid thiab kev pom zoo ntawm qee lub teb chaws ua khoom noj khoom haus, daim ntawv thov ferulic acid hauv kev lag luam ua noj yuav muaj lub neej yav tom ntej.
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